Effects of Land-Sea Distribution, Topography and Diurnal Change on Summer Monsoon Modeling

The effects of the land-sea distribution, the topography and the diurnal change of the solar radiation on the summer monsoon modelings are studied by use of a coupled modeling system with a 5-layer primitive equation mod-el of the atmosphere and a 2-layer soil or ocean thermodynamic model which are all solved in a zonal model domain between 60o S and 60oN. The results of numerical simulations show that the quasi-stationary patterns of the mean monsoon circulations are mainly affected by the land-sea distribution and the topography, the effect of the diurnal change is the secondary. However, the inclusion of the diurnal change into the model system may improve the intensi-ty of the simulated monsoon circulation, it can influence the distributive pattern of precipitation to a larger extent, without the diurnal change precipitation in the interior of land would decrease and in the coastal regions it would increase.