Active－Passive Radiolocation of Dangerous Natural Phenomena

In nature one observes strong deviations from thermodynamic equilibrium. The most dangerous natural phenomena proceeding in a thermodynamically irreversible way, are accompanied by the initiation of nonthermal impulse radio and optical radiation, the intensity and amplitude－frequency characteristics of which may serve as a measure of irreversibility while making the passive radiolocation and simultaneously as an information characteristic of the degree of the phenomenon’s approach to the stage of maximum development.The active radiolocation of natural phenomena at the stage of thermodynamic irreversibility has a number of dis-tinct features caused by the high speed of their progress and anomalies of the dielectric properties and accordingly, ef-fective scattering area of natural radio targets.The above is the physical basis of the method proposed by the author, that of the active-passive radiolocation of dangerous natural phenomena such as thunderstorms-both naturally developing and provoked by flying vehicles or other modifying means, avalanches, landslides, catastrophic atmospheric eddies and showers, sudden destruction of sea, river and late ice and so on.Active-passive radar sounding of cloudiness presumes radical changes in the air traffic control in thunderous sit-uations in the take-off and landing areas of flying vehicles as well as along the airways.Thermodynamic irreversibility turns out to be an important factor in the process of the interaction of ice with heavy-duty icebreakers (nuclear-powered vessels) causing their anomalous corrosion. The non-thermal radio radia-tion arising at the deformation of ice cover under the pressure of an icebreaker or under the action of wind load, may be used while choosing the route and tactics of the ice-breaker’s progress, for the hydrometeorological service of oth-er sea and coastal operations. The completed investigations of the thermodynamically irreversible natural phenomena have found practical application, but their wide utilization is still ahead.The experiments of active-passive radiolocation have been carried out at the experimental proving grounds, in laboratories, in weather planes, on board an atomic-powered icebreaker. Simultaneously there have been developing the theory of thermodynamically irreversible phase transitions, in particular deformation-crystallization processes.So far, there is no generally accepted term denoting the proposed method of the active-passive radiolocation of dangerous natural phenomena (using thermodynamic irreversibility).