Sensitivity Experiments on Summer Monsoon Circulation Cell in East Asia

The East-Asian summer monsoon meridional circulation (SMMC) cell is simulated together with two vigorous rainbands in terms of a primitive-equation model including in itself a variety of diabatic heating, frictional dissipation and moist processes under the condition of mountains available. Results are comparable to observations. Also, performed are experiments with the reduction of water content, and exclusion of the cumulus convective process and mountain effect. Contrast analyses indicate that the cell is strongly sensitive to the condition of the humidity field in the atmosphere, more intensely at 120o than at 100oE, and the presence (absence) of the cumulus convection has considerable effect on the intensification (weakening) of the cell, with the mountain ranges exhibiting more influence upon the cell at 100o than 120oE. This may suggest that a great difference lies in the cause of the cell for the two meridions.